Sustainability and rural development in family agricultural production systems in Guayas province
Resumen
Currently, the production systems face major issues such as low productivity, the use of recycled seeds, the corrective rather than preventive use of pesticides, fertilization based on empirical practices, and low market prices. These factors negatively impact the financial income and quality of life of the members of the agricultural center. The objective of this research was to develop an improvement plan based on the sociocultural, economic, and ecological sustainability analysis of the producers from the Cantonal Agricultural Center of Colimes, in the province of Guayas. Evaluating 200 members, the study utilized the Sarandon (2009) methodology adapted to the local reality, applying the Sustainable Development Index (SDI) method to determine the economic, ecological, and social dimensions.
The results showed that, in the economic sphere, incomes are below the unified basic wage; additionally, poor agricultural practices—mainly monoculture (0.95), lack of commercialization channels (0.93), and a high dependence on agricultural inputs (0.38)—were observed. Regarding the ecological dimension, the systems were found to be unsustainable across all evaluated components, with ground cover management receiving the lowest score (0.14). Within the sociocultural parameters, evidence showed a high level of satisfaction regarding their production systems (3.43), followed by associativity relations (2.06). The sustainable development plan incorporated specific objectives, goals, and indicators. In conclusion, it was determined that the most important activity highlighted by the farmers of the agricultural center is the cultivation of rice or corn; meaning these are not diversified production systems. Therefore, the proposed action plan serves as a foundation to improve decision-making.
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